Multilevel Climate Governance: Subnational Adaptation, Mitigation, and Cooperation Across the Americas

Climate governance depends on subnational delivery for both mitigation and adaptation, yet the multilevel governance structures to engage these coalitions are still being built by national governments. This session presents two successful South American experiences as regional benchmarks: Chaco Province, Argentina, where Fundación Gran Chaco and Argentina 1.5° field-tested the Belém Adaptation Indicators; and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, whose Roadmap Território Carbono Neutro articulates decarbonization action and has rated 76 of 79 municipalities.

Scaling these benchmarks depends on subnational government networks: the Consórcio Brasil Verde, the U.S. Climate Alliance, and Alianza Verde Argentina, whose cooperation accelerates mitigation and adaptation, positioning states in global governance. Centro Brasil no Clima moderates for civil society, a key multilevel governance actor, highlighting its Anuário Estadual as a transparency tool for climate management and policy equalization.